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okay

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so

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many of the advances that have taken

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many of the advances that have taken
 

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many of the advances that have taken
place since that of dr goddard's first

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place since that of dr goddard's first
 

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place since that of dr goddard's first
rocket in the 1920s have emerged from

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rocket in the 1920s have emerged from
 

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rocket in the 1920s have emerged from
nasa lewis research center in cleveland

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nasa lewis research center in cleveland
 

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nasa lewis research center in cleveland
ohio

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ohio
 

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ohio
dr larry diehl chief of the space

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dr larry diehl chief of the space
 

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dr larry diehl chief of the space
propulsion technology division gives us

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propulsion technology division gives us
 

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propulsion technology division gives us
insight to the technology and the future

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insight to the technology and the future
 

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insight to the technology and the future
of space propulsion

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we in lewis space propulsion technology

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we in lewis space propulsion technology
 

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we in lewis space propulsion technology
division are striving to advance the

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division are striving to advance the
 

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division are striving to advance the
technologies that will open pathways for

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technologies that will open pathways for
 

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technologies that will open pathways for
the nation's ride to space

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the nation's ride to space
 

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the nation's ride to space
we conduct research and develop

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we conduct research and develop
 

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we conduct research and develop
technology for launch vehicles space

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technology for launch vehicles space
 

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technology for launch vehicles space
transfer vehicles satellites and space

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transfer vehicles satellites and space
 

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transfer vehicles satellites and space
platforms

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platforms
 

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platforms
this wide range of applications requires

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this wide range of applications requires
 

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this wide range of applications requires
a propulsion research and technology

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a propulsion research and technology
 

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a propulsion research and technology
program that encompasses a number of

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program that encompasses a number of
 

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program that encompasses a number of
options

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options
 

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options
chemical nuclear

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chemical nuclear
 

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chemical nuclear
electric propulsion as well as far term

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electric propulsion as well as far term
 

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electric propulsion as well as far term
concepts like laser and microwave

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concepts like laser and microwave
 

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concepts like laser and microwave
propulsion

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propulsion
 

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propulsion
our current emphasis is on chemical and

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our current emphasis is on chemical and
 

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our current emphasis is on chemical and
electric propulsion systems

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electric propulsion systems
 

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electric propulsion systems
in some ways

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in some ways
 

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in some ways
visions of the future begin with us

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visions of the future begin with us
 

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visions of the future begin with us
because we must answer the questions

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because we must answer the questions
 

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because we must answer the questions
asked when these systems are still on

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asked when these systems are still on
 

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asked when these systems are still on
the drawing board

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the drawing board
 

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the drawing board
let me share with you a vision of what

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let me share with you a vision of what
 

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let me share with you a vision of what
is possible in the next 20 to 30 years

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is possible in the next 20 to 30 years
 

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is possible in the next 20 to 30 years
and what is needed to get there

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and what is needed to get there
 

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and what is needed to get there
we begin with new earth orbit propulsion

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we begin with new earth orbit propulsion
 

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we begin with new earth orbit propulsion
systems that will benefit the space

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systems that will benefit the space
 

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systems that will benefit the space
station freedom

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construction and long-term operation of

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construction and long-term operation of
 

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construction and long-term operation of
the orbital outpost will depend on an

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the orbital outpost will depend on an
 

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the orbital outpost will depend on an
advanced earth-to-orbit transportation

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advanced earth-to-orbit transportation
 

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advanced earth-to-orbit transportation
system that will make regular trips to

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system that will make regular trips to
 

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system that will make regular trips to
and from low earth orbit an improved

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and from low earth orbit an improved
 

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and from low earth orbit an improved
shuttle will transport freedom's

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shuttle will transport freedom's
 

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shuttle will transport freedom's
workforce

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workforce
 

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workforce
economical low thrust rockets designed

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economical low thrust rockets designed
 

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economical low thrust rockets designed
for reliability and flexibility will be

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for reliability and flexibility will be
 

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for reliability and flexibility will be
used to counteract atmospheric drag and

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used to counteract atmospheric drag and
 

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used to counteract atmospheric drag and
vibrations

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vibrations
 

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vibrations
a powerful unmanned cargo vehicle will

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a powerful unmanned cargo vehicle will
 

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a powerful unmanned cargo vehicle will
carry materials and supplies from earth

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carry materials and supplies from earth
 

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carry materials and supplies from earth
low thrust rockets will also help

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low thrust rockets will also help
 

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low thrust rockets will also help
enhance our knowledge of earth and space

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enhance our knowledge of earth and space
 

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enhance our knowledge of earth and space
by keeping satellites properly located

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by keeping satellites properly located
 

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by keeping satellites properly located
and correctly oriented and by assisting

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and correctly oriented and by assisting
 

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and correctly oriented and by assisting
the unmanned spacecraft that will map

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the unmanned spacecraft that will map
 

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the unmanned spacecraft that will map
and explore the solar system as they

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and explore the solar system as they
 

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and explore the solar system as they
achieve planetary orbit

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using advanced expander cycle engines

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using advanced expander cycle engines
 

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using advanced expander cycle engines
space transfer vehicles based in earth

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space transfer vehicles based in earth
 

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space transfer vehicles based in earth
orbit will enable us to maneuver freely

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orbit will enable us to maneuver freely
 

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orbit will enable us to maneuver freely
in space working traveling and exploring

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in space working traveling and exploring
 

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in space working traveling and exploring
they'll aid us in creating another key

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they'll aid us in creating another key
 

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they'll aid us in creating another key
path to the future

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path to the future
 

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path to the future
a lunar base

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on the moon we'll learn the necessary

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on the moon we'll learn the necessary
 

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on the moon we'll learn the necessary
skills for survival an experience that

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skills for survival an experience that
 

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skills for survival an experience that
will prepare us for a more rigorous but

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will prepare us for a more rigorous but
 

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will prepare us for a more rigorous but
even more rewarding ride

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even more rewarding ride
 

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even more rewarding ride
a ride that will take us ever further

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a ride that will take us ever further
 

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a ride that will take us ever further
from home

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from home
 

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from home
until finally we take our first steps

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until finally we take our first steps
 

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until finally we take our first steps
on mars

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interplanetary spacecraft will use a

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interplanetary spacecraft will use a
 

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interplanetary spacecraft will use a
variety of propulsion methods that offer

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variety of propulsion methods that offer
 

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variety of propulsion methods that offer
the high efficiency and long running

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the high efficiency and long running
 

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the high efficiency and long running
times needed to achieve our goal of

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times needed to achieve our goal of
 

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times needed to achieve our goal of
transforming a distant planet into a

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transforming a distant planet into a
 

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transforming a distant planet into a
self-sufficient outpost

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along with advanced chemical and nuclear

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along with advanced chemical and nuclear
 

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along with advanced chemical and nuclear
thermal propulsion systems many

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thermal propulsion systems many
 

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thermal propulsion systems many
spacecraft will be propelled by electric

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spacecraft will be propelled by electric
 

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spacecraft will be propelled by electric
thrusters and powered by solar or

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thrusters and powered by solar or
 

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thrusters and powered by solar or
nuclear energy

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these plans for the future require

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these plans for the future require
 

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these plans for the future require
prediction of the performance of such

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prediction of the performance of such
 

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prediction of the performance of such
propulsion systems exact simulation is

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propulsion systems exact simulation is
 

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propulsion systems exact simulation is
necessary

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necessary
 

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necessary
often the computer serves as a cost

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often the computer serves as a cost
 

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often the computer serves as a cost
effective starting point

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taking advantage of lewis research

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taking advantage of lewis research
 

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taking advantage of lewis research
center's high performance computers and

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center's high performance computers and
 

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center's high performance computers and
advanced networks division members

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advanced networks division members
 

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advanced networks division members
develop computational tools and

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develop computational tools and
 

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develop computational tools and
techniques that model a propulsion

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techniques that model a propulsion
 

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techniques that model a propulsion
system and simulate the complex physical

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system and simulate the complex physical
 

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system and simulate the complex physical
processes taking place during its

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processes taking place during its
 

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processes taking place during its
operation the speed of propellants as

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operation the speed of propellants as
 

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operation the speed of propellants as
they flow through the turbo pump changes

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they flow through the turbo pump changes
 

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they flow through the turbo pump changes
in temperature within the combustion

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in temperature within the combustion
 

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in temperature within the combustion
chamber and the onset of turbulence as

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chamber and the onset of turbulence as
 

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chamber and the onset of turbulence as
exhaust gases exit the nozzle can all be

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exhaust gases exit the nozzle can all be
 

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exhaust gases exit the nozzle can all be
predicted quickly and economically

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predicted quickly and economically
 

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predicted quickly and economically
through computation

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computers however cannot do it all

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computers however cannot do it all
 

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computers however cannot do it all
fully understanding the performance of

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fully understanding the performance of
 

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fully understanding the performance of
propulsion components and systems often

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propulsion components and systems often
 

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propulsion components and systems often
requires experimental testing

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in lewis's experimental facilities

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in lewis's experimental facilities
 

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in lewis's experimental facilities
research hardware is a symbol that

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research hardware is a symbol that
 

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research hardware is a symbol that
possesses the important characteristics

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possesses the important characteristics
 

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possesses the important characteristics
of a component or system

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of a component or system
 

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of a component or system
they then simulate the range of

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they then simulate the range of
 

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they then simulate the range of
conditions that will be encountered

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conditions that will be encountered
 

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conditions that will be encountered
during operation

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during operation
 

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during operation
and measure the effects of these

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and measure the effects of these
 

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and measure the effects of these
conditions on the test article

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conditions on the test article
 

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conditions on the test article
teams conduct propulsion experiments

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teams conduct propulsion experiments
 

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teams conduct propulsion experiments
from state-of-the-art control rooms

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from state-of-the-art control rooms
 

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from state-of-the-art control rooms
where computerized systems automatically

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where computerized systems automatically
 

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where computerized systems automatically
control and monitor facility operations

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control and monitor facility operations
 

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control and monitor facility operations
during tests

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in many facilities optical diagnostic

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in many facilities optical diagnostic
 

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in many facilities optical diagnostic
systems are used as tools of measurement

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systems are used as tools of measurement
 

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systems are used as tools of measurement
because laser beams can withstand higher

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because laser beams can withstand higher
 

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because laser beams can withstand higher
temperature and are less intrusive

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temperature and are less intrusive
 

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temperature and are less intrusive
optical diagnostics help researchers

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optical diagnostics help researchers
 

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optical diagnostics help researchers
probe the physics of combustion and flow

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00:08:36,709 --> 00:08:36,719
probe the physics of combustion and flow
 

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probe the physics of combustion and flow
without affecting the phenomena

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lewis's test facilities have supported

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lewis's test facilities have supported
 

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lewis's test facilities have supported
investigations of many new concepts and

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investigations of many new concepts and
 

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investigations of many new concepts and
technologies stronger thrust chamber

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technologies stronger thrust chamber
 

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technologies stronger thrust chamber
material better cooling techniques

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material better cooling techniques
 

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material better cooling techniques
efficient propellants reliable ignition

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efficient propellants reliable ignition
 

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efficient propellants reliable ignition
methods and durable chemical and

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methods and durable chemical and
 

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methods and durable chemical and
electric rocket engine components

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00:09:08,480 --> 00:09:11,030

the electric propulsion laboratory is a

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the electric propulsion laboratory is a
 

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00:09:11,040 --> 00:09:13,750
the electric propulsion laboratory is a
world-class space simulation facility

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world-class space simulation facility
 

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world-class space simulation facility
containing simulation chambers in a

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containing simulation chambers in a
 

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00:09:15,680 --> 00:09:18,389
containing simulation chambers in a
variety of sizes the vacuum in these

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00:09:18,389 --> 00:09:18,399
variety of sizes the vacuum in these
 

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00:09:18,399 --> 00:09:20,550
variety of sizes the vacuum in these
chambers is comparable to that of the

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00:09:20,550 --> 00:09:20,560
chambers is comparable to that of the
 

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00:09:20,560 --> 00:09:23,190
chambers is comparable to that of the
cold highly charged vacuum of space

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00:09:23,190 --> 00:09:23,200
cold highly charged vacuum of space
 

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00:09:23,200 --> 00:09:26,070
cold highly charged vacuum of space
created by an immense system of pumps

290
00:09:26,070 --> 00:09:26,080
created by an immense system of pumps
 

291
00:09:26,080 --> 00:09:31,350
created by an immense system of pumps
and cryo panels

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293
00:09:31,360 --> 00:09:33,750

this laboratory makes it possible to

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00:09:33,750 --> 00:09:33,760
this laboratory makes it possible to
 

295
00:09:33,760 --> 00:09:35,670
this laboratory makes it possible to
predict performance of spacecraft

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00:09:35,670 --> 00:09:35,680
predict performance of spacecraft
 

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00:09:35,680 --> 00:09:38,949
predict performance of spacecraft
elements such as solar arrays as well as

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00:09:38,949 --> 00:09:38,959
elements such as solar arrays as well as
 

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elements such as solar arrays as well as
electric propulsion devices like ion

300
00:09:41,590 --> 00:09:41,600
electric propulsion devices like ion
 

301
00:09:41,600 --> 00:09:44,470
electric propulsion devices like ion
thrusters and magnetoplasma dynamic

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00:09:44,470 --> 00:09:44,480
thrusters and magnetoplasma dynamic
 

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thrusters and magnetoplasma dynamic
thrusters

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00:10:01,430 --> 00:10:01,440

 

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00:10:01,440 --> 00:10:03,990

during testing researchers gather data

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00:10:03,990 --> 00:10:04,000
during testing researchers gather data
 

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00:10:04,000 --> 00:10:06,070
during testing researchers gather data
to predict performance life and

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00:10:06,070 --> 00:10:06,080
to predict performance life and
 

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00:10:06,080 --> 00:10:07,829
to predict performance life and
efficiency

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00:10:07,829 --> 00:10:07,839
efficiency
 

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efficiency
to allow full utilization the electric

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00:10:10,470 --> 00:10:10,480
to allow full utilization the electric
 

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00:10:10,480 --> 00:10:13,030
to allow full utilization the electric
propulsion laboratory's vacuum chambers

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00:10:13,030 --> 00:10:13,040
propulsion laboratory's vacuum chambers
 

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00:10:13,040 --> 00:10:15,190
propulsion laboratory's vacuum chambers
are divided into several isolated

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00:10:15,190 --> 00:10:15,200
are divided into several isolated
 

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00:10:15,200 --> 00:10:16,230
are divided into several isolated
sections

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00:10:16,230 --> 00:10:16,240
sections
 

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00:10:16,240 --> 00:10:18,470
sections
each accessed by a port

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each accessed by a port
 

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each accessed by a port
these separate ports make it possible to

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00:10:20,550 --> 00:10:20,560
these separate ports make it possible to
 

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these separate ports make it possible to
install or remove experiments without

324
00:10:23,190 --> 00:10:23,200
install or remove experiments without
 

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00:10:23,200 --> 00:10:24,949
install or remove experiments without
affecting the vacuum in the rest of the

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00:10:24,949 --> 00:10:24,959
affecting the vacuum in the rest of the
 

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00:10:24,959 --> 00:10:27,509
affecting the vacuum in the rest of the
chamber and to conduct more than one

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00:10:27,509 --> 00:10:27,519
chamber and to conduct more than one
 

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00:10:27,519 --> 00:10:31,350
chamber and to conduct more than one
test at a time

330
00:10:31,350 --> 00:10:31,360

 

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00:10:31,360 --> 00:10:33,509

lewis research center's largest chemical

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lewis research center's largest chemical
 

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00:10:33,519 --> 00:10:36,069
lewis research center's largest chemical
rocket testing complex is the rocket

334
00:10:36,069 --> 00:10:36,079
rocket testing complex is the rocket
 

335
00:10:36,079 --> 00:10:38,550
rocket testing complex is the rocket
engine test facility its versatile

336
00:10:38,550 --> 00:10:38,560
engine test facility its versatile
 

337
00:10:38,560 --> 00:10:40,550
engine test facility its versatile
system for supplying cryogenic

338
00:10:40,550 --> 00:10:40,560
system for supplying cryogenic
 

339
00:10:40,560 --> 00:10:42,870
system for supplying cryogenic
propellants and a safe and effective

340
00:10:42,870 --> 00:10:42,880
propellants and a safe and effective
 

341
00:10:42,880 --> 00:10:45,110
propellants and a safe and effective
method of cooling exhaust gases and

342
00:10:45,110 --> 00:10:45,120
method of cooling exhaust gases and
 

343
00:10:45,120 --> 00:10:47,670
method of cooling exhaust gases and
removing contaminants make it possible

344
00:10:47,670 --> 00:10:47,680
removing contaminants make it possible
 

345
00:10:47,680 --> 00:10:55,590
removing contaminants make it possible
to test a wide variety of technologies

346
00:10:55,590 --> 00:10:55,600

 

347
00:10:55,600 --> 00:10:57,910

technologists in the rocket engine test

348
00:10:57,910 --> 00:10:57,920
technologists in the rocket engine test
 

349
00:10:57,920 --> 00:11:00,710
technologists in the rocket engine test
facility operate chemical rockets at sea

350
00:11:00,710 --> 00:11:00,720
facility operate chemical rockets at sea
 

351
00:11:00,720 --> 00:11:03,670
facility operate chemical rockets at sea
level and altitude conditions to better

352
00:11:03,670 --> 00:11:03,680
level and altitude conditions to better
 

353
00:11:03,680 --> 00:11:05,590
level and altitude conditions to better
understand the performance

354
00:11:05,590 --> 00:11:05,600
understand the performance
 

355
00:11:05,600 --> 00:11:07,670
understand the performance
they study the behavior of turbo pump

356
00:11:07,670 --> 00:11:07,680
they study the behavior of turbo pump
 

357
00:11:07,680 --> 00:11:10,230
they study the behavior of turbo pump
components and explore ways to enhance

358
00:11:10,230 --> 00:11:10,240
components and explore ways to enhance
 

359
00:11:10,240 --> 00:11:12,870
components and explore ways to enhance
their performance and life by simulating

360
00:11:12,870 --> 00:11:12,880
their performance and life by simulating
 

361
00:11:12,880 --> 00:11:15,350
their performance and life by simulating
the conditions in a rocket engine turbo

362
00:11:15,350 --> 00:11:15,360
the conditions in a rocket engine turbo
 

363
00:11:15,360 --> 00:11:16,389
the conditions in a rocket engine turbo
pump

364
00:11:16,389 --> 00:11:16,399
pump
 

365
00:11:16,399 --> 00:11:19,030
pump
by conducting repeated test firings they

366
00:11:19,030 --> 00:11:19,040
by conducting repeated test firings they
 

367
00:11:19,040 --> 00:11:21,590
by conducting repeated test firings they
determine how various material cooling

368
00:11:21,590 --> 00:11:21,600
determine how various material cooling
 

369
00:11:21,600 --> 00:11:24,389
determine how various material cooling
techniques and fabrication methods will

370
00:11:24,389 --> 00:11:24,399
techniques and fabrication methods will
 

371
00:11:24,399 --> 00:11:26,870
techniques and fabrication methods will
help rocket engines withstand extremely

372
00:11:26,870 --> 00:11:26,880
help rocket engines withstand extremely
 

373
00:11:26,880 --> 00:11:45,430
help rocket engines withstand extremely
high temperatures and pressures

374
00:11:45,430 --> 00:11:45,440

 

375
00:11:45,440 --> 00:11:48,230

working toward goals of top performance

376
00:11:48,230 --> 00:11:48,240
working toward goals of top performance
 

377
00:11:48,240 --> 00:11:50,630
working toward goals of top performance
as well as efficiency economy and

378
00:11:50,630 --> 00:11:50,640
as well as efficiency economy and
 

379
00:11:50,640 --> 00:11:53,430
as well as efficiency economy and
dependability required for the large

380
00:11:53,430 --> 00:11:53,440
dependability required for the large
 

381
00:11:53,440 --> 00:11:56,389
dependability required for the large
variety of propulsion systems members of

382
00:11:56,389 --> 00:11:56,399
variety of propulsion systems members of
 

383
00:11:56,399 --> 00:11:58,949
variety of propulsion systems members of
the space propulsion technology division

384
00:11:58,949 --> 00:11:58,959
the space propulsion technology division
 

385
00:11:58,959 --> 00:12:02,069
the space propulsion technology division
gather knowledge test ideas and solve

386
00:12:02,069 --> 00:12:02,079
gather knowledge test ideas and solve
 

387
00:12:02,079 --> 00:12:05,430
gather knowledge test ideas and solve
problems using computers experiments and

388
00:12:05,430 --> 00:12:05,440
problems using computers experiments and
 

389
00:12:05,440 --> 00:12:08,389
problems using computers experiments and
diagnostics it's an endless spiral of

390
00:12:08,389 --> 00:12:08,399
diagnostics it's an endless spiral of
 

391
00:12:08,399 --> 00:12:11,269
diagnostics it's an endless spiral of
exploration that draws ever closer to

392
00:12:11,269 --> 00:12:11,279
exploration that draws ever closer to
 

393
00:12:11,279 --> 00:12:14,470
exploration that draws ever closer to
the ideals of exact simulation and

394
00:12:14,470 --> 00:12:14,480
the ideals of exact simulation and
 

395
00:12:14,480 --> 00:12:29,910
the ideals of exact simulation and
perfect prediction

396
00:12:29,910 --> 00:12:29,920

 

397
00:12:29,920 --> 00:12:31,750

vacuum chambers

398
00:12:31,750 --> 00:12:31,760
vacuum chambers
 

399
00:12:31,760 --> 00:12:33,590
vacuum chambers
computer codes

400
00:12:33,590 --> 00:12:33,600
computer codes
 

401
00:12:33,600 --> 00:12:36,949
computer codes
test rigs and highly skilled people

402
00:12:36,949 --> 00:12:36,959
test rigs and highly skilled people
 

403
00:12:36,959 --> 00:12:38,629
test rigs and highly skilled people
these are some of the ingredients that

404
00:12:38,629 --> 00:12:38,639
these are some of the ingredients that
 

405
00:12:38,639 --> 00:12:40,710
these are some of the ingredients that
allow the space propulsion technology

406
00:12:40,710 --> 00:12:40,720
allow the space propulsion technology
 

407
00:12:40,720 --> 00:12:42,949
allow the space propulsion technology
division to contribute to our nation's

408
00:12:42,949 --> 00:12:42,959
division to contribute to our nation's
 

409
00:12:42,959 --> 00:12:44,710
division to contribute to our nation's
ride to space

410
00:12:44,710 --> 00:12:44,720
ride to space
 

411
00:12:44,720 --> 00:12:46,790
ride to space
we know our travels are only the first

412
00:12:46,790 --> 00:12:46,800
we know our travels are only the first
 

413
00:12:46,800 --> 00:12:49,509
we know our travels are only the first
steps of a long and difficult journey

414
00:12:49,509 --> 00:12:49,519
steps of a long and difficult journey
 

415
00:12:49,519 --> 00:12:51,269
steps of a long and difficult journey
the vision we have shared with you is

416
00:12:51,269 --> 00:12:51,279
the vision we have shared with you is
 

417
00:12:51,279 --> 00:12:52,790
the vision we have shared with you is
only the beginning

418
00:12:52,790 --> 00:12:52,800
only the beginning
 

419
00:12:52,800 --> 00:12:55,110
only the beginning
the solar system and the universe are

420
00:12:55,110 --> 00:12:55,120
the solar system and the universe are
 

421
00:12:55,120 --> 00:12:57,110
the solar system and the universe are
waiting to be explored

422
00:12:57,110 --> 00:12:57,120
waiting to be explored
 

423
00:12:57,120 --> 00:12:59,190
waiting to be explored
propulsion will lead the way

424
00:12:59,190 --> 00:12:59,200
propulsion will lead the way
 

425
00:12:59,200 --> 00:13:01,509
propulsion will lead the way
we are proud to help pave the way for

426
00:13:01,509 --> 00:13:01,519
we are proud to help pave the way for
 

427
00:13:01,519 --> 00:13:09,990
we are proud to help pave the way for
our nation's ride to the future

428
00:13:09,990 --> 00:13:10,000

 

429
00:13:10,000 --> 00:13:12,470

propulsion technology will reach beyond

430
00:13:12,470 --> 00:13:12,480
propulsion technology will reach beyond
 

431
00:13:12,480 --> 00:13:15,030
propulsion technology will reach beyond
the space shuttle as we continue the

432
00:13:15,030 --> 00:13:15,040
the space shuttle as we continue the
 

433
00:13:15,040 --> 00:13:17,750
the space shuttle as we continue the
technologies for communications earth

434
00:13:17,750 --> 00:13:17,760
technologies for communications earth
 

435
00:13:17,760 --> 00:13:21,430
technologies for communications earth
observations and earth space operations

436
00:13:21,430 --> 00:13:21,440
observations and earth space operations
 

437
00:13:21,440 --> 00:13:24,389
observations and earth space operations
the ability to launch and explore from

438
00:13:24,389 --> 00:13:24,399
the ability to launch and explore from
 

439
00:13:24,399 --> 00:13:26,870
the ability to launch and explore from
the platform of space station freedom

440
00:13:26,870 --> 00:13:26,880
the platform of space station freedom
 

441
00:13:26,880 --> 00:13:29,990
the platform of space station freedom
and a lunar base will help us ultimately

442
00:13:29,990 --> 00:13:30,000
and a lunar base will help us ultimately
 

443
00:13:30,000 --> 00:13:46,870
and a lunar base will help us ultimately
reach mars and other outer planets

444
00:13:46,870 --> 00:13:46,880

 

445
00:13:46,880 --> 00:15:18,550

yeah i highly recommend it

446
00:15:18,550 --> 00:15:18,560

 

447
00:15:18,560 --> 00:15:20,639

you